#Blueprint meaning arabic how to#

Yet race is a social construct, not a biological one.

Green, 'and many times these are represented by racial groups.' 'The truth is, of course, there are certain that tend to cluster in certain populations of common ancestry,' said Dr. And our society has a tendency to group things and people together in ways that muddy the water rather than clarify it. Fine-grained genomic approaches like these are improving medicine, but personal genomics is just that: personal. Green.Įven the smallest changes in DNA, placing an A where there should be a G, for instance, can drastically impact a person's health-and dictate what treatment will work. 'All forms of genomic diversity are not only biologically relevant, they're all proving to be medically relevant,' said Dr. As scientists are gaining more traction with understanding the breadth and meaning of genomic differences, one thing is becoming clear: Ranging from variations in a single letter, to strings of letters, to extra or missing segments - every single person's genome is unique.

In those three billion building blocks is a shocking amount of diversity and variation. Green, a common thought among revolutionary innovators, like those who designed the Pioneer Zephyr.īy 2003 the Human Genome Project released 90% of the human genome sequence (and with advances in technology and computing, scientists finished the last 10%), an accomplishment celebrated every April on National DNA Day.īut what can that tell us? Why is it important?

#Blueprint meaning arabic how to#

'We had some ideas on how to start, and we really had no idea how we were going to pull it off,' said Dr. Eric Green, one scientist of a group working together to unravel one of DNA's greatest mysteries: the 3 billion genetic building blocks-the As, Ts, Gs and Cs-that make up the human genome. In this month's Science News' Century of Science theme, The Human Blueprint, senior science writer, Tina Hesman Saey interviews Dr. Then in 1990, the Human Genome Project began. Still, we didn't know what the instructions said. When James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins discovered the structure of DNA, we could understand how DNA could be translated into the feathers, fins and stalks of life as instructions. But how DNA became the diverse blue feathers, sleek fins and spindly stalks of life remained a mystery. Biologists showed that DNA packed into chromosomes. Geneticists established the link between DNA and hereditary traits. From there, scientists steadily discovered more about the blueprint of life.īriefly, biochemists found the genetic building blocks: the As, Ts, Gs and Cs. What he called 'nuclein' is what we now call DNA. In the mid-19th century, a Swiss chemist looked for the basic components of life. Despite such a storied career, it was less than 200 years ago when we finally started to understand what DNA is, what it does and why it matters so much for health. Making up the blueprint of all living- and maybe not so living-organisms on the planet, DNA is the record for all life on planet Earth. For 4 billion years, DNA has twisted, turned and spread itself around the Earth in seemingly infinite forms.